Farming with Wildlife, Norton Suffolk Archive

Barn owls not seen, Good news?

 

Barn Owl with first evening vole in veteran oak Suffolk, Tyto al Barn Owl flying after sun set in Suffolk meadow  Tyto alba

 

 

At the end of last winter and running into spring it was not unusual to see Barn owls hunting in daylight. One afternoon I saw four Barn owls and a Short-eared owl hunting at the same time in one of the hay meadows at Halls farm. From a selfish bird watching and photographic perspective it was excellent. However, for the owls it was very bad news. In 2012 Barn owl numbers recovered to levels not seen in Suffolk since the 1930s. Last winter the Barn owls were hunting in day-light because they did not have enough food, many were too thin to breed last year and more died of starvation.

This winter is different, Suffolk Barn owls are much more difficult to see. But, they are still here. I have been watching them in several places, they are coming out to hunt usually just around sunset. The good news this year is that they are not out for long, the Barn owls I have seen are catching voles and mice within a minute or two of starting to hunt. Within 20 minutes they have caught enough and go back to a roosting or nesting site and disappear. At Micklemere near Ixworth last week the owl I was watching caught 3 voles in 10 minutes and went back to its box, much to the annoyance of a pair of Magpies who were finding it harder to get food.

The Halls farm Barn owls are still living in the old Heston Bales at the Back of the large open straw barn. At this time of year they are trying put on weight before starting to lay eggs in the spring. If they continue to catch rodents at the rate they are now they should have a successful breeding year.

I have also seen Barn owls near the nest boxes on Halls Farm and Little Haugh Farm but not as often as last year. This is good news and could mean a good breeding year but not so good for photography!

 

Sore toes

 

Where have they all gone? At the beginning of November I knew I could reliably see at least 15 Brown Hares in one of the uncultivated fields at Halls farm. They were especially active in the early morning and the hour before sunset. Then, suddenly over a just a few days in mid November they just disappeared. It is not hard to understand why Hares have traditionally been attributed with mystical powers, how can such a large animals just disappear?

 

Tempting as it is to run with the mystic powers there must be practical explanations. Robert Honeywood says that as winter sets in Brown hares move into the woodland round the farm to shelter from the harsher weather, I will admit our spaniel has found more Hares in woodland during December. There are other explanations, the simplest is that the Hares still come out at the same time but the shortening days mean that it is dark. The colder weather and poorer food make Hares more solitary, they focus on eating and then rest to conserve energy. Finally, the winter cereal crops continue to grow and during the days some Hares are still in the fields but lying low and very difficult to see. Look very carefully and some of the small brown dots in the “tramlines” turn out to be Hares resting in a low scrapes.

 

It is now mid January and things are starting to change, the days are getting longer and a plus side to the wet Atlantic weather are mild temperatures. The hares are starting to reappear, on Saturday morning we saw four playing and starting to box each other . They are coming out on the Suffolk lanes during the day, I suspect they are getting away from unrelentingly wet fields that make their feet sore, as I have seen in some of the close photographs I have taken recently, the fur falls out from between their toes.

 

Over the coming weeks I am looking forward to seeing groups of ten or more Hares in day-light socialising and playing together in the open fields. I will try to predict where they will meet so that I can watch and hopefully photograph them more closely.BL3A9640

Brown Hares at Halls Farm Norton

 

April is a great time to watch Hares, the day are getting longer and the fields although green are still short. I have added series of photos taken in the April spring light.

I often see a Brown hare, usually alone, out on one of the wide Suffolk fields
where I live. However, Hares need shelter to rest during the day and to hide
their young when they are small and helpless.

Halls farm in Norton Suffolk is one of the best places I know to see Brown
Hares; it is not unusual to see large numbers on the Halls Farm fields. This
is because Robert and Steve Honeywood, as well as running a profitable arable
farm, also actively encourage wildlife. 10% of the farm is not used for crop
production and is actively managed to encourage wildlife. The 10% of the
farm managed for wildlife allows the hares to thrive.

The photographs on this page will follow the Brown Hares of Halls farm through the year. I will show a series of images showing them in different seasons.

Farming and wildlife Norton Suffolk

Four Barn owls and two Short-eared owls hunting a meadow at the same time, a large flock of Yellowhammers taking off in a golden swirl, watching brown hares from a track and loosing count because there are so many. These are a few of the high lights that stand out for me so far this year. These incidents were not the result of visiting nature reserves or responding text message alerts, I saw all of them on the same intensive Suffolk arable farm a few miles from where I live.

I have visited Halls farm Norton owned by the Honeywood family for many years to get horse food produced on the farm from chopped straw. Father and son team Robert and Stephen are passionate about the wildlife on their farm, this is typified by the large modern barn used for straw for the Honeychop feed production. The back of the barn is filled with old worthless grey straw bales contrasting with new bales at the front, this is because a pair of Barn owls and Kestrels live and nest here, the old straw will not be moved until the bales disintegrate or the birds leave.

The Honeywood family intensively and profitably farm 900 acres including neighbouring Little Haugh Farm, run a feed business and employ more than seven people. Intensive arable farming has a strong impact on wild life, some farms near me are almost wildlife deserts compared with Halls and Little Haugh Farms. In these pages I will show you some of the birds, animals and plants living on the farms and describe the management used to maintain the high wildlife population and diversity.

Untidy and neglected?

 

Halls farm, Thick untidy hege full of berries and nuts

Halls farm, Thick untidy hege full of berries and nuts

Untidy and neglected is probably the reaction of some people seeing Halls and Little Haugh farms for the first time. Field margins are uncut, hedges large and unruly and some fields are un-cropped with long grass, thistles and nettles. This is particularly noticeable after harvest when many neighbouring farms closely trim their hedges and field margins before stubble is cultivated and next year’s crops are sown.

But the apparent untidiness is a deliberate management choice. Walking around the farm early September to take these photographs I saw dozens of swallows, house martins and dragonflies hunting insects over the un-cropped fields. Linnets and yellowhammers were feeding in the field margins, a large group of brown hares panicked when I appeared, and hundreds of partridges exploded into flight around my feet. Of course the management of both Halls and Little Haugh farms is partly influenced by the game bird shooting that takes place autumn and winter but whatever the motivation, the sheer quantity of wildlife living on these farms is striking.

Over-wintering birds need to be able to feed every day and find shelter at night. Uncut field margins contain seeds and insects and uncut hedges are heavy with berries. Farms where margins are cut back and sprayed and hedges tidily trimmed provide little food and shelter for overwintering wildlife. Public financial support for farms over recent years has shifted from supporting production to an environmental focus with most farms receiving payments depending on the level of environmental work they do. However the effectiveness of these environmental payments can be compromised by unsympathetic management, with field margins of non-native rye grass having a similar wildlife value as domestic lawns.

The very neat and tidy farm near my village is a complete contrast to Halls and Little Haugh farms. However, this comes at a cost that does not increase production and reduces profit. The contractor who cuts the field margins and puts neat corners on the edge of the few hedges presents an invoice of thousands pounds a year and the spray that kills the ”weeds” at the base of the trees and telegraph poles on the farm costs well over £100 litre. The result is a wildlife desert, and when the farmer does want a days shooting there are no game birds on his farm so he pays to shoot a few pheasants on “untidy” neighbouring land. Excessive tidiness is expensive whichever way you look at it; perhaps we should get more comfortable with the “neglected look”.